IV PERIOD - SEVENTH GRADE

I.E. MONSEÑOR JAIME PRIETO AMAYA

SEVENTH GRADE

Past Continuous

FORM

[was/were + Verb-ING]

Examples:

·       You were studying when she called.

·       Were you studying when she called?

·       You were not studying when she called.

USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past

Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.

Examples:

·       I was watching TV when she called.

·       When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.

·       While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.

·       What were you doing when the earthquake started?

·       I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.

·       You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.

·       While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.

·       Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.

·       While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.

·       A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
B: I wassnowboarding.

USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption

In USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.

Examples:

·       Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.

·       At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.

·       Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.

IMPORTANT

In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.

Examples:

·       Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
I started eating at 6 PM.

·       Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner.

  

USE 3 ParallelActions

When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. Theactions are parallel.

Examples:

·       I was studying while he was making dinner.

·       While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.

·       Were you listening while he was talking?

·       I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.

·       What were you doing while you were waiting?

·       Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.

·       They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.

EXAMPLE CHART

Positive	Negative	Question
I wassinging. You weresinging. We weresinging. They weresinging. He wassinging. She wassinging. It wassinging.	I wasnotsinging. You werenotsinging. We werenotsinging. They werenotsinging. He wasnotsinging. She wasnotsinging. It wasnotsinging.	Was I singing? Were you singing? Were we singing? Were they singing? Was he singing? Was she singing? Was it singing?

EXERCISES - Simple Past / Past Continuous

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

1. A: What (you, do)  when the accident occurred? 
B: I (try)  to change a light bulb that had burnt out. 

2. After I (find)  the wallet full of money, I (go, immediately)  to the police and (turn)  it in. 

3. The doctor (say)  that Tom (be)  too sick to go to work and that he (need)  to stay at home for a couple of days. 

4. Sebastian (arrive)  at Susan's house a little before 9:00 PM, but she (be, not)  there. She (study, at the library)  for her final examination in French. 

5. Sandy is in the living room watching television. At this time yesterday, she (watch, also)  television. That's all she ever does! 

6. A: I (call)  you last night after dinner, but you (be, not)  there. Where were you? 
B: I (work)  out at the fitness center. 

7. When I (walk)  into the busy office, the secretary (talk)  on the phone with a customer, several clerks (work, busily)  at their desks, and two managers (discuss, quietly)  methods to improve customer service. 

8. I (watch)  a mystery movie on TV when the electricity went out. Now I am never going to find out how the movie ends. 

9. Sharon (be)  in the room when John told me what happened, but she didn't hear anything because she (listen, not) . 

10. It's strange that you (call)  because I (think, just)  about you. 

11. The Titanic (cross)  the Atlantic when it (strike)  an iceberg. 

12. When I entered the bazaar, a couple of merchants (bargain, busily)  and (try)  to sell their goods to naive tourists who (hunt)  for souvenirs. Some young boys (lead)  their donkeys through the narrow streets on their way home. A couple of men (argue)  over the price of a leather belt. I (walk)  over to a man who (sell)  fruit and (buy)  a banana. 

13. The firemen (rescue)  the old woman who (be)  trapped on the third floor of the burning building. 

14. She was so annoying! She (leave, always)  her dirty dishes in the sink. I think she (expect, actually)  me to do them for her. 

15. Samantha (live)  in Berlin for more than two years. In fact, she (live)  there when the Berlin Wall came down.

TENTH LERANING GUIDE

TENTH LERANING GUIDE

REVIEW – GRAMMAR 2

PRESENTE CONTINUO

Uso: se utiliza normalmente para hablar de acciones que están ocurriendo en el
momento en el que se habla. En españolsueleequivalera “estar + gerundio”.

• Afirmativa
forma completa forma contraída

I am working I´m working
You are working you´re working
He / she / it is working he / she / it´s working
We are working we´re working
You are working you´re working
They are working they´re working



• Negación
forma completa forma contraída

I am not working I´m not working
You are not working you aren´t working
He / she / it is not working he / she /it isn´t working
We are not working we aren´t working
You are not working you aren´t working
They are not working they aren´t working


• Interrogación
respuestabreverespuestabreve -

Am I working? Yes, I am No, I´m not
Are you working? Yes, you are No, you aren´t
Is he / she / it working? Yes, he / she / it is. No, he / she / it isn´t
Are we working? Yes, we are No, we aren´t
Are you working? Yes, you are No, you aren´t
Are they working? Yes, they are No, theyaren´t


•  Reglas ortográficas de los verbos acabados en –ing:

- Los verbos que acaban en una sola –e pierden esta vocal y añaden –ing:
write® writinghave® having come ® coming

- Los verbos de una sílaba acabados en “vocal + consonante” duplican la
consonante y añaden –ing (excepto en el caso de w y y):
put® putting stop ® stopping shop ® shopping

SIMPLE PAST

To be = ser o estar.


•  Afirmativa
I was
You were
He/she/it was
We were
You were
They were


•  Negación (sujeto + verbo + not)

forma completa forma contraída

I was not I wasn´t
You were not you weren´t
He/she/it was not he/she/it wasn´t
We were not we weren´t
You were not you weren´t
They were not they weren´t

•  Interrogación (verbo + sujeto)

respuestabreverespuestabreve –
Was I ...? Yes, I was No, I wasn´t
Were you...? Yes, you were No, you weren´t
Was he/she/it ....? Yes, he/she/it was No, he/she/it wasn´t
Were we...? Yes, we were No, we weren´t
Were you....? Yes, you were No, you weren´t
Were they....? Yes, they were No, they weren´t

Ejemplos:
Were you a student? Yes, I was.
Was she your friend? Yes, she was.
Weretheyyourclassmates? No, theyweren´t.

OTHER VERBS

Uso: el pasado simple se utiliza normalmente para referirnos a hechos que sucedieron en un momento concreto del pasado

Existen verbos regulares, a los que se añade –ed en el pasado, como work (worked en pasado) y otros irregulares, que es necesario aprender, como go (went en pasado).

•  Afirmativa

Verbos regulares (work)

I worked
He / she / itworked
Youworked
Weworked
Youworked
Theyworked

Ortografía de las formas de pasado regulares

• verbos acabados en “consonante + y”Þ ied:
study® studied
carry® carried

• verbos monosilábicos acabados en “vocal +consonante” Þ duplican la consonante (excepto “y” o “w”)
stop ® stopped
shop ® shopped

Pronunciación de la terminación “-ed” de pasado
Se puede pronunciar como /t/, /d/ o /id/, dependiendo del sonido en el que acabe el infinitivo:
• /t/ ® watched, stopped, shopped, washed, worked (cuando el verbo acaba en sonido sordo)
• /d/ ® lived, arrived, opened, called, changed (cuando el verbo acaba en sonido sonoro)
• /id/ ® started, painted, mended, needed (solamente cuando el verbo acaba en sonido /t/ o/d/).

Verbosirregulares (go)
I went
You went
He / she / it went
We went
You went
They went

*Debesaprenderteestosverbos de memoriaparaformar el pasado

•  Negación

Verbosregulares (work)
forma completa forma contraída

I did not work I didn´t work
You did not work You didn´t work
He / she / it did not work He / she / it didn´t work
We did not work We didn´t work
You did not work You didn´t work
They did not work They didn´t work


Verbosirregulares (go)
forma completa forma contraída

I did not go I didn´t go
You did not go You didn´t go
He / she / it did not go He / she / it didn´t go
We did not go We didn´t go
You did not go You didn´t go
They did not go They didn´t go


•  Interrogación

Verbosregulares (work)

Respuestabreverespuestabreve

Did I work? Yes, I did No, I didn´t
Did you work? Yes, you did No, you didn´t
Did he/she/it work? Yes, he/she/it did No, he/she/it didn´t
Did we work? Yes, we did No, we didn´t
Did you work? Yes, you did No, you didn´t
Did they work? Yes, they did No, they didn´t


Verbosirregulares (go)

respuestabreverespuestabreve -
Did I go? Yes, I did No, I didn´t
Did you go? Yes, you did No, you didn´t
Did he/she/it go? Yes, he/she/it did No, he/she/it didn´t
Did we go? Yes, we did No, we didn´t
Did you go? Yes, you did No, you didn´t
Did they go? Yes, theydid No, theydidn´t

NINETH LEARNING GUIDE

NINETH LEARNING GUIDE

Pasado Perfecto (Past Perfect Tense)

El Pasado Perfecto en el idioma inglés es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para referirnos a una acción que tuvo lugar en un momento anterior a otra acción, aunque ambas hayan sucedido en el pasado estableciendo un orden entre ellas, por ejemplo:

The film had finished when she arrived at the cinema.
La película había terminado cuando ella llegó al cine.
(Primera acción: la película había terminado
Segunda acción: ella llegó al cine)

Sarah hadprepareddinnerwhenherhusbandgot home.
Sarah había preparado la cena cuando su esposo llegó a casa.
(Primera acción: Sarah había preparado la cena
Segunda acción: su esposo llegó a casa)

Para poder construir la forma afirmativa del Pasado Perfecto debemos utilizar como auxiliar el verbo 

TO HAVE en Pasado Simple y acompañado por el verbo principal en su Pasado Participio

(ya sean verbos regulares o verbos irregulares):

I had bought a new car.	Yo había comprado un nuevo auto.
You had cleaned the house.	Tú habías limpiado la casa.
He had brought the gifts.	Él había traído los regalos.
She had lost the credit card.	Ella había perdido la tarjeta de crédito.

Para formar una interrogación deberemos colocar el auxiliar al comienzo de la oración, luego el sujeto y posteriormente el verbo principal también en Pasado Participio:

Had I bought a new car?	Había comprado yo un nuevo auto?
Had you cleaned the house?	Habías limpiado tú la casa?
Had he brought the gifts?	Había traído él los regalos?
Had she lost the credit card?	Había perdido ella la tarjeta de crédito?

Por su parte, la forma negativa se construye poniendo la negación NOT entre el auxiliar y el verbo principal, por ejemplo:

I had not bought a new dress.	Yo no había comprado un nuevo vestido.
You had not cleaned the house.	Tú no habías limpiado la casa.
He had not brought the gifts.	Él no había traído los regalos.
She had not lost the credit card.	Ella no había perdido la tarjeta de crédito.

También puede utilizarse la forma contraída de la negación colocandoHADN'T en vez de HAD NOT.

Andy´s dog

When Andy arrived to his house, he found a little dog. It had been very hungry, so Andy took it with him and went to his apartment, but the apartment had had the door open. He got into the apartment faster but the thieves had stolen everything.

Finally Andy couldn't do anything, but he prepared his dog so when others thieves tried to enter to his apartment the dog had been already there.

A love story

It was Friday again, the day for famous parties at Wellington High School.

Studentsdanced in the garden and everyone was enjoying the pleasure of being away from boring lessons.When Sarahcame to the party, the musichad started.

Tim suddenly noticed Sarah and felt shocked. He hadlooked for her for 2 years. They had meet each other at a holiday camp in 1999, but mysteriously Sarah had disappeared after a while. He thought about her since then.

 At the party, Sarah was talking to one of her friends while most of the students were drinking as much as they could. Tim decided to talk to her and waited for her friend to leave. When he had gone next to her, she searched for something in her bag, so she hadn´t seen him. As soon as he touched her on the shoulder, she had risen her head and couldn’t believe her eyes. She had never forgotten him.

At the end of the party, no one was happier than Sarah and Timas they had found each other after 2 years.